Hearing and Singing Triads with Inversions

When identifying and singing Triads by ear, it helps to remember the intervals that make up a specific triad.

Review of Root Position Triads

The following chart is a review of the intervals that make up each Root Position triad.

Triad
Bottom Interval
Top Interval
Sound
Example
Augmented
M3
M3
Dissonant, but with the notes spread out.
play_circle C Augmented
Major
M3
m3
Most people hear this as a happy sound.
play_circle C Major
Minor
m3
M3
Most people hear this as a sad sound.
play_circle C Minor
Diminished
m3
m3
Dissonant, but with the notes closer together than the Augmented Triad.
play_circle C Diminished

For a more complete review of Triads go to Understanding Triads.

For help on singing 3rds see How to Hear Thirds.

Review of Inverted Triads

This lesson assumes that you are already familiar with inverted triads. If not, you can learn more about triad inversions at Understanding Triad Inversions.

1st Inversion Triads

The following chart displays the intervals that make up each 1st Inversion triad. All close position 1st inversion chords are made of a 3rd on the bottom and a 4th on the top.

Triad
Bottom Interval
Top Interval
Notes
Example
Augmented
M3
d4 - which sounds like a M3
Notice that the intervals sound the same as the Root Position.
play_circle C 1st Inv. Augmented
Major
m3
P4
Notice that the bottom interval is now a m3.
play_circle C 1st Inv. Major
Minor
M3
P4
Notice that the bottom interval is now a M3.
play_circle C 1st Inv. Minor
Diminished
m3
A4
Notice the dissonant A4 (Tritone) sound on the top.
play_circle C 1st Inv. Diminished

2nd Inversion Triads

The following chart displays the intervals that make up each 2nd Inversion triad. All close position 2nd inversion chords are made of a 4th on the bottom and a 3rd on the top.

Triad
Bottom Interval
Top Interval
Notes
Example
Augmented
d4 - which sounds like a M3
M3
Notice that the intervals sound the same as the Root Position.
play_circle C 2nd Inv. Augmented
Major
P4
M3
Notice that the top interval is now a M3.
play_circle C 2nd Inv. Major
Minor
P4
m3
Notice that the top interval is now a m3.
play_circle C 2nd Inv. Minor
Diminished
A4
m3
Notice the dissonant A4 (Tritone) sound on the bottom.
play_circle C 2nd Inv. Diminished

Augmented Triads

Augmented Triads have the unique quality of sounding the same in every inversion. It is impossible to tell the inversion of an augmented triad by ear.

Observations

To identify a triad by ear, listen carefully to the bottom and top interval to see what type of 3rds and 4ths make up the triad and in what order from top to bottom.

To sing a triad, you will need to be able to sing the correct type of 3rd or 4th for the bottom and top intervals. Here is where all of your practice with intervals will become very important, especially the intervals of a 3rd and 4th. To do these exercises you will need to have a firm grasp on hearing and singing major and minor 3rds.

Because singing inverted triads is so difficult, we will wait until the next level to sing inverted traids. At this level you will only need to sing all qualities of Root Position triads


Return to Hearing Music Hearing Triad Inversions